Ⅰ 關於可轉換債券（convertible bonds)的英語文獻
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Ⅱ 請問股票，債券，基金，期貨的英語怎麼說！還有關於這類金融詞的說法
Stocks, bonds, funds, futures
Ⅲ 哪個好心人能幫忙找一篇英文論文關於「可轉換債券」方面的。如果隨有翻譯成中文的就更加謝謝了了
Convertible bonds depends primarily on the performance of the investment and financing of the operating conditions of the issuing company. Of financiers, the convertible bonds can lead to low-cost financing, equity dilution is relatively weak, to improve the capital structure, flexibility and strong performance; For investors, convertible bonds provide both the safety of the outstanding principal and give access to potential stock earnings growth opportunities. Convertible bonds for the use of effective investment and financing activity, we need to scientifically measured convertible bond performance of the investment and financing, investment and financing in order to avoid errors in decision-making.
First, the performance of convertible bond financing analysis
The issuance of convertible bonds by the financing of the performance of earnings per share to reflect. At the operational effectiveness of certain circumstances, the higher the earnings per share, stock value, the more a more shareholder wealth, the better the performance of financing. Analysis in order to facilitate understanding, the following examples.
Example: the original capital of the company FeiDa 9 000 million, 0.3 yuan per share, the original debt capital of 5 000 million, the annual interest rate of 3%, 33% income tax rate. Refinancing is to be 10 1 0 million yuan investment in new projects, the company decided to issue a face value of 1 000 million, interest rate 1.5% (simple interest), 5-year convertible bonds 100,000, Convertible price of 10 Yuan / shares, the conversion period of six month bonds to the maturity of the bonds after the day ended, and an agreement: If the closing price of shares FeiDa 30 consecutive trading days below the 70% Convertible Price, creditors have the right to hold all or part of convertible bonds to 105% of face value (including the current interest) price to sell the company FeiDa; FeiDa shares if the closing price for 30 trading days the price is higher than 130 percent Convertible, FeiDa companies have the right to 105% of face value (including the current interest) will be the price of the Convertible Bonds have not yet bought back. In addition, if the company is issuing shares FeiDa financing, according to the current stock market price of 8 / 1 125 million shares issued; if the general issue of bond financing, to issue a face value of 1 000 million, the interest rate 3% (simple interest), 5 years 100,000 bonds.
FeiDa company in the investment project under the premise of change, set up new projects of interest to achieve an annual pre-tax profit for the EBIT, the various modes of financing under the earnings per share (EPS) were calculated as follows:
Convertible bonds can be converted before: EPS1 = [(EBIT-10 000 × 1.5%) (1-33%) ÷ 9 000] +0.3;
After Convertible Convertible Bonds: EPS2 = [EBIT (1-33%) +0.3 × 9 000] ÷ (1 000 +9 000) (Note: The number of Convertible = 10 000 ÷ 10 = 1 000 million);
Issue of ordinary shares: EPS3 = [EBIT (1-33%) +0.3 × 9 000] ÷ (1 125 +9 000);
General bond issue: EPS4 = [(EBIT-10 000 × 3%) (1-33%) ÷ 9 000] +0.3.
It is clear that investment in new projects no matter how effective are EPS1> EPS4, EPS2> EPS3, that is, if the failure Convertible convertible bonds and convertible bond financing is always better than the performance of bond financing; Convertible convertible bonds, if successful, Convertible bond financing is always superior to the performance of common stock financing.
Order EPS1 = EPS3, the mode of financing can be obtained in two of the non-points: EBIT1 =
-2 680 (million).
Order EPS2 = EPS4, the mode of financing can be obtained in two of the non-points: EBIT2 =- 1 030 (million).
(1) When the return on investment in new projects is very poor, that is, at EBIT <-2 680 million cases, because of new projects FeiDa cause of the decline in the overall effectiveness of the company, stock prices down not up, Convertible bound to fail, then there is EPS3> EPS1> EPS4, convertible bond financing at this time is better than the performance of bond financing in general worse than the common stock financing.
(2) when the new investment projects in poor, that is, although EBIT at more than -2 680 million, but still not enough to promote the exercise of creditors to the case of equity, then there is EPS1> EPS3, EPS1> EPS4, at this time Convertible bond financing is better than the performance of common stock financing and bond financing in general, is the best option.
(3) When the new project a very good investment returns, that is, companies in the Mainland share prices have risen, and the exercise of incentive to creditors to the case of equity, EBIT necessarily much higher than -1 030 million, while there is EPS4> EPS2> EPS3 at this time could be better than the performance of convertible debt financing to facilitate the financing of ordinary shares in the general bond financing bad.
The above analysis results show that the interests of the shareholders, in most cases, the use of convertible bond financing are favorable, the main reasons are:
1. Low-cost financing. Convertible bond interest rates below the general rate bonds and tax credits have the effect. If the Convertible failure, which is equivalent to the company issued bonds with lower interest rates. Of course, the convertible bond financing, low-cost advantage will graally disappear as the Convertible, but compared with the direct offering financing, or saving some of the costs of pre-Convertible.
2. Diluted share capital of the relatively weak role. Diluted share capital of the new shareholders equity refers to the old shareholders equity dilution resulting from the specific performance of the non-operating earnings per share decline, stock prices fell. Although graally Convertible convertible bonds, the equity dilution effect will graally, but the dilution effect has lagged behind, offering direct financing to avoid the rapid expansion of equity shares arising problem down. In addition, higher prices because of Convertible financing a lot of issued shares, the total amount of financing certain circumstances, the Convertible is less than the number of shares the number of direct, to some extent, reced equity dilution effect.
3. To improve the capital structure. The use of bond financing, is bound to improve the company balance sheet, increased financial risk. General Notes to this effect until the maturity of the bonds to repay, and convertible bonds of this effect in most cases are temporary, with the exercise-to-equity swap, the original principal amount of the debt into a permanent capital inputs at the same time rece the liabilities increased by the interests of capital, financial risks decline, the company's capital structure improved.
4. Flexibility. The adoption of common stock and common bond financing, in the scale of financing, financing companies on the issue of time and financial requirements, such as on the law have more stringent controls, such as the previous fund-raising time of less than a year, continue to use these financing methods will be limited. At this point the use of convertible bond financing to avoid the law. In addition, the form of convertible bonds a variety of distribution companies in accordance with the needs of investors and companies choose their own different way of convertible bond financing.
Two, convertible bond investment performance analysis
Convertible bonds of investment performance can be reflected through the investment income. Investment units in the operational effectiveness of the circumstances must, at the same time to obtain higher return on investment, better investment performance. FeiDa is to invest in the above analysis shows the company as an example. To simplify the analysis process, ignores the impact of personal income tax, and assuming that investors in the Convertible Notes after the expiration of the period to the transfer of ownership does not.
1. When issued in good company when the share prices will rise even more than the price Convertible, Convertible are favorable at this time, investors will transfer some or all of the exercise of options. Must be noted that the investors receive shares of Convertible is not the same as premium income when the stock market in the Convertible Convertible prices and bad, because after the Convertible bring the equity share capital increase will lead to dilution effects of stock price declines, thereby share premium will offset some of the proceeds.
Example bid on, set the price for the Convertible at P0, all Convertible Notes may convert the price after the P1, based on the principle of no-arbitrage equilibrium, there is: P1 = (9 000P0 +1 000 × 10) ÷ (9 000 +1 000) = 1 +0.9 P0.
The assumption that investors in convertible bonds before maturity Convertible, then:
A 5-year convertible bonds amounted to earnings: R1 = 1 000 × 1.5% × 5 + (1 +0.9 P0-10) × (1 000 ÷ 10); a general 5-year revenue bond amount: R2 = 1 000 × 3% × 5 = 150 (million).
So that R1 = R2, can be obtained for receipts of non-point: P0 = 10.83 (RMB / share). It is clear that only in the stock market value of more than 10.83 yuan / exercise-to-equity shares, convertible bonds before the investment performance is superior to the general bond investments. If bond investors select a certain time before the expiration of the Convertible, analysis of its investment performance, the need to consider the dividend increase and loss of revenue bonds the difference between the interest income. Therefore, this case of convertible bonds are usually poor investment performance of investment in common stock.
2. When the issue of poor business, the company's share price changes can be difficult to break through the conversion of the Convertible Bond Price, Convertible usually ended in failure, but basically the principal and interest of bonds or guaranteed. If there fell back to the agreed conditions of sale, investors usually buy back the right to exercise.
Example for on, at the first n-based investors to sell in the exercise of the right, then:
N 1 convertible bonds amounted to years of income: R3 = 1 000 × [5% +1.5% × (n-1)]; a general revenue bond amount n years: R4 = 1 000 × 3% × n.
So that R3 = R4, non-point gains obtained: n = 2.33 (year). In other words, if the conditions to the sale of time shorter than 233 years, the convertible bond investment performance is superior to the general bond investment; if the conditions to the sale of time longer than 2.33 years, or even has not been the emergence of the exercise should not Back to the sale of rights, convertible bonds may be poor investment performance bonds in general. Therefore, this case of convertible bond investment performance is usually better than the common stock investment.
3. When the deterioration of operating conditions of the issuing company, which e to insolvency and bankruptcy, the company's shareholder value is zero, to lose everything invested. At this point, the principal amount of convertible bonds and bonds in general, can only get partial reimbursement, and other living in order to repay the secured creditor's rights after the mortgage, bankruptcy pre-interest income is also lower than the general bond. Therefore, this case of convertible bond investment performance is superior to common stock investments in bad bond investments in general.
This shows that investors select the following principles should be based on convertible bonds: ① issued the company's operating performance despite a certain degree of volatility, but more optimistic about the prospects. Such as the issuance of the company's operating performance has been increasing steadily, should be directly invested in stocks; such as the operation of the issuing company are pessimistic about the prospects, should invest in bonds in general. ② convertible bond interest rates and bond interest rates in general should not differ too much, otherwise, too much loss of interest income to pay the high cost of the options. ③ with the terms of a premium to the sale, when the company's share price fell a serious issue, they can rece the loss of investors. ④ the issuing company a higher credit rating, at least "Baa" level and above, because the safety of convertible bonds is lower than the level of protection secured mortgage debt.
Ⅳ ！！！求關於股票的英文專用名詞！
Accounts payable 應付帳款
Accounts receivable 應收帳款
Accrued interest 應計利息
Accredited Investors 合資格投資者；受信投資人
指符合美國證券交易委員(SEC)條例，可參與一般美國非公開(私募)發行的部份機構和高凈值個人投資者
Accredit value 自然增長值
ACE 美國商品交易所
ADB 亞洲開發銀行
ADR 美國存股證；美國預托收據； 美國存托憑證
[股市] 指由負責保管所存托外國股票的存托銀行所發行一種表明持有人擁有多少外國股票(即存托股份)的收據。ADR一般以美元計價和進行交易，及被視為美國證券。對很多美國投資者而言，買賣ADR比買賣ADR所代表的股票更加方便、更流動、成本較低和容易。
大部份預托收據為ADR；但也可以指全球預托收(GDR) ，歐洲預托收據(EDR) 或國際預托收據(IDR) 。從法律和行政立場而言，所有預托收據具有同樣的意義。
ADS 美國存托股份
Affiliated company 關聯公司；聯營公司
After-market 後市
[股市] 指某隻新發行股票在定價和配置後的交易市場。市場參與者關注的是緊隨的後市情況，即頭幾個交易日。有人把後市定義為股價穩定期，即發行結束後的30天。也有人認為後市應指穩定期過後的交易市況。然而，較為普遍的是把這段時期視為二級市場
AGM 周年大會
Agreement 協議；協定
All-or-none order 整批委託
Allocation 分配；配置
Allotment 配股
Alpha (Market Alpha) 阿爾法；預期市場可得收益水平
Alternative investment 另類投資
American Commodities Exchange 美國商品交易所
American Depository Receipt 美國存股證；美國預托收據；美國存托憑證 (簡稱「ADR 」參見ADR欄目)
American Depository Share 美國存托股份
Amercian Stock Exchange 美國證券交易所
American style option 美式期權
Amex 美國證券交易所
Amortization 攤銷
Amsterdam Stock Exchange 阿姆斯特丹證券交易所
Annual General Meeting 周年大會
Antitrust 反壟斷
APEC 亞太區經濟合作組織(亞太經合組織)
Arbitrage 套利；套匯；套戥
Arbitration 仲裁
Arm's length transaction 公平交易
Articles of Association 公司章程；組織細則
At-the-money option 平價期權；等價期權
ASEAN 東南亞國家聯盟 (東盟)
Asian bank syndication market 亞洲銀團市場
Asian dollar bonds 亞洲美元債券
Asset Allocation 資產配置
Asset Management 資產管理
Asset swap 資產掉期
Assignment method 轉讓方法；指定分配方法
ASX 澳大利亞證券交易所
Auckland Stock Exchange 奧克蘭證券交易所
Auction market 競價市場
Authorized capital 法定股本；核准資本
Authorized fund 認可基金
Authorized representative 授權代表
Australian Options Market 澳大利亞期權交易所
Australian Stock Exchange 澳大利亞證券交易所
Back-door listing 借殼上市
Back-end load 撤離費；後收費用
Back office 後勤辦公室
Back to back FX agreement 背靠背外匯協議
Balance of trade 貿易平衡
Balance sheet 資產負債表
Balloon maturity 期末放氣式償還
Balloon payment 最末期大筆還清
Bank, Banker, Banking 銀行；銀行家；銀行業
Bank for International Settlements 國際結算銀行
Bankruptcy 破產
Base day 基準日
Base rate 基準利率
Basis point 基點；點子
Basis swap 基準掉期
Bear market 熊市；股市行情看淡
Bearer 持票人
Bearer stock 不記名股票
Behind-the-scene 未開拓市場
Below par 低於平值
Benchmark 比較基準
Beneficiary 受益人
Beta (Market beta) 貝他(系數)；市場風險指數
Best practice 最佳做法
Bills department 押匯部
BIS 國際結算銀行
Blackout period 封鎖期
Block trade 大額交易；大宗買賣
Blue chips 藍籌股
Board of directors 董事會
Bona fide buyer 真誠買家
Bond market 債券市場，債市
Bonds 債券，債票
Bonus issue 派送紅股
Bonus share 紅股
Book value 帳面值
Bookbuilding 建立投資者購股意願檔案
[股市] 包銷商用以定價一筆發行的方法。包銷商在促銷活動結束後把所收集的初步購股訂單一一記下，然後根據投資者願意支付的價格水平訂定最終發行價。
Bookrunner 投資意願建檔人；帳簿管理人
[股市] 指負責為發行建立投資者購股意願檔案的銀行，亦即負責為一筆發行組織承銷、擬定不同市場的發行規模、執行促銷活動、定價、配置和後市穩定工作的銀行。
BOOT 建造；擁有；經營；轉讓
BOT 建造；經營；轉讓
Bottom line 底線；最低限度
Bottom-up 由下而上(方法)
Bounced cheque 空頭支票
Bourse 股票交易所(法文)
BP (Basis Point) 基點
Brand management 品牌管理
Break-up fees 破除協議費用
Break-up valuation 破產清理價值評估
Breakeven point 收支平衡點
Bridging loan 臨時貸款/過渡貸款
Broker, Broking,
Brokerage House 經紀；證券買賣；證券交易；證券行；經紀行
Brussels Stock Exchange 布魯塞爾證券交易所
BSSM 建造/設備供應-服務/維修
Bubble economy 泡沫經濟
Build, Operate and Transfer 建造、經營、轉讓
Build, Own, Operate and Transfer 建造；擁有；經營；轉讓
Build/Supply-Service/Maintain 建造/設備供應-服務/維修
Bull market 牛市；股市行情看漲
Bullets 不得贖回直至到期(債券結構之一)
Bullish 看漲; 看好行情
Bundesbank 德國聯邦銀行；德國央行
Business day 營業日
Business management 業務管理；商務管理；工商管理
Business studies 業務研究；商業研究
Buy-back 回購
Buy-side analyst 買方分析員
[股市]為機構投資者服務的股票研究分析員。
Buyer's credit 買方信貸（進口）
Buyout 收購；買入
By-law 細則；組織章程
CAC 巴黎CAC指數
CAGR 復合年增長率
Call-spread warrant 歐洲式跨價認股權證
Call option 認購期權
Call protection/provision 贖回保障/條款
Call warrant 認購認股權證
Callable bond 可贖回債券
Cap 上限
Capacity 生產能力；產能
CAPEX 資本支出
Capital Adequacy Ratio 資本充足比率
Capital base 資本金；資本基楚
Capital expenditure 資本支出
Capitalization >資本值
Capital markets 資本市場；資金市場
Capital raising 融資；籌集資金
Cash-settled warrant 現金認股權證
Cash earnings per share 每股現金盈利
Cash flow 現金流量
CCASS 中央結算及交收系統
CD 存款證
CEDEL 世達國際結算系統(即歐洲貨幣市場結算系統)
Ceiling 上限
Ceiling-floor agreement 上下限協議
Central Clearing & Settlement System 中央結算及交收系統
CEO 行政總栽；行政總監；首席執行官
Certificate of deposit 存款證
Certificate of incumbency 公司授權/委任書
CFO 財務總監；首席財務官
Change of domicile 遷冊(公司更改注冊地址)
Chicago Board of Trade 芝加哥交易所
Chicago Board Options Exchange 芝加哥期權交易所
Chicago Mercantile Exchange 芝加哥商品交易所
China banking 中國銀行業
China Capital Markets 中國資本市場；中國資金市場
China International Capital Corporation, CICC 中國國際金融有限公司；中金公司
China privatization 中國民營化；中國私有化；中國私營化
China restructuring 中國重組；中國改組
China Securities Regulatory Commission 中國證監會
China Stock Markets 中國股票市場；中國股市
Chinese Wall 中國牆
指投資銀行部與銷售部或交易人員之間的隔離，以防範敏感消息外泄，從而構成內幕交易
Claim 索償
Clawback notification 回撥/增加本地公開發行份額通知
Clean price 潔凈價
[債市] 指債券包含應計利息的現值
Closed-end fund 封閉式基金
Co-lead manager 副主承銷；聯席主承銷
Collars 利率上下限
Co-manager 副承銷商
Comfort letter 安慰函；告慰信(由會計師發出)
Commercial loan 商業貸款
Commercial paper 商業票據
Commission rebate 傭金回扣
Commodity Exchange, Inc. 商品交易所有限公司 (紐約)
Company finance 公司融資公司財務
Complex cash flow 復合現金流
Compound annual growth rate 復合年增長率
Confidential pre-filing review 呈報前機密性審核
Confidential submission 機密呈交
Confidentiality agreement 保密協議
Conglomerate 集團/聯合大企業/多業公司
Connected transaction 關聯交易
Consideration 約定金額；代價；考慮因素
Constituent stock 成分股
Construction in progress 在建工程
Consumer Price Index 消費物價指數
Consumption 消費
Contingent liability 或有負債
Contractual joint venture 合約性合作/合資經營
Controlling stake/interest 控股權/權益
Conventional cap 傳統上限
Conversion of state assets into state shares 國家資產作價入股
Conversion premium 轉換溢價
Conversion price 轉換價
Converted net collections 轉換後凈收入
Convertible bonds 可轉換債券；可換股債券
Convexity 債券凸性
[債市]用以量度某隻債券的價格與收益關系的方法。存續期間變化比率。
COO 營運總監；首席營運官
Copenhagen Stock Exchange 哥本哈根證券交易所
Corporate finance 企業融資
Corporate governance 企業管治；公司治理
Corporate vision 企業視野
Corporatization 公司化
Cost 成本
Cost overrun loans 成本墊支貸款
Counsel's opinion 法律顧問意見書
Counterparty credit exposure 對手的信貸風險
Coupon 票息；券息
[債市]發行人承諾會按面值年率計算，向債券持有人支付直至到期日的債券利息。舉例：假如債券的票息為10%，每年便按面值100元支付10元的利息，一般是分期每6個月(半年) 或3個月(每季) 派息一次。
Coupon rate 孳息率；票息
Coupon frequency 派息頻率
[債市] 指債券每年派發利息的次(比如每月、每季、每半年或每年一次)
Covenant 契約
Covered warrant 備兌認股權證
CPI 消費物價指數
Credit facilities 信貸措施
Credit foncia amortization 抵押式攤還法
Credit line 備用信貸；信用額度
Credit rating 信用評級；信貸評級
Credit spread 債券息差
Creditwatch 債信觀察
Cross currency interest rate swap 交叉貨幣利率掉期
CSRC 中國證券監督管理委員會
Currency option 貨幣期權
Currency swap 貨幣掉期
Current account deficit 收支往來帳戶赤字
Current/liquid ratio 流動比率
Customs & usages 慣例和用法
Custodian 保管機構；託管人
Cyclicality 周期
DAX 德國綜合指數
Day count 日算
[債市] 用以計算債券到期前部份期間的應計利息和折現率的協議日數。
Day order 當日指令
Debt equity ratio 債資比率；股本負債率
Debt issuing vehicles 債務發行工具
Debt service coverage ratio 債務償還比率
Default fine 違約罰金
Defaulting 違約；不履行義務
Deferred asset 遞延資產
Deferred charges 遞延費用；待攤費用
Deferred tax 遞延稅項
Deflation 通貨緊縮；通縮
Deleveraged 削減頭寸
Depreciation 折舊
Derivatives 派生產品；衍生產品；衍生金融投資工具
Deutsche Borse AG 德國證券及衍生工具交易所
Deutsche Terminborse 德國期貨交易所
Dilution 攤薄
Direct labor cost 直接勞動成本
Directors' undertakings 董事承諾
Dirty price 臟價
[債市] 指債券不包括應計利息的現值。
Disclosure 信息披露
Discount rate 折扣率；貼現率
Dishonoured cheque 空頭支票
Dividend 股息
DJIA 道瓊斯工業平均指數
Domesitc Qualified Institutional Investor 國內合資格機構投資者
Double bottom/double dip 雙底 (金融圖表)
Dow Jones Instries Average Index 道瓊斯工業平均指數
DQII 國內合資格機構投資者
Dragon bonds 小龍債券
Drawing expense in advance 預提費用
Dual currency bonds 雙貨幣債券
Due diligence 盡職調查
指為了達成承銷一筆證券發行的目的，針對某公司或企業的業務、財務狀況和前景(包括其面對的主要風險) 而進行的一個全面的調查。盡職調查一般可分為業務盡職調查和法律盡職調查兩類。
Duration 存續期間
[債市] 測量某隻債券由於收益變動而產生價格變動的方法。一種測算債券價格波幅相等於債券加權平均到期年期現金流的敏感性測量方法。
E-commerce 電子商務
E-tailers 網上零售商
Earning per share 每股盈利
EBITDA 未計利息、稅項、折舊及攤銷前盈利
EEC 歐洲經濟共同體 (歐共體)
Emerging market 新興市場
EMU 歐洲貨幣聯盟
Engagement letter 委託書
Environmental protection 環(境) 保(護)
Environmental waste 環境廢物
EPS 每股盈利
Equity, Equities 股本，股權，股票
Equity cushion 股本作墊
EU 歐洲聯盟(歐盟)
Eurodollar bonds 歐洲美元債券
European Economic Community 歐洲經濟共同體（歐共體）
European Monetary Union 歐洲貨幣聯盟
European Options Exchange 歐洲期權交易所 (阿姆斯特丹)
European style option 歐式期權
European Union 歐洲聯盟（歐盟）
Ex-coupon 不附息票
Exotic option 第二代期權組合（設回報上或下限）
Exploitation license 采礦許可證
Exploitation right 采礦權
Exploration right 探礦權
Extendible bonds 可延期債券
Extraordinary item 非經常項目
Face value 面值
FEC 外匯券
Federal Open Market Committee 美國聯邦公開市場委員會
Fee-Based Content 收費信息 （互聯網）
Ficiary 信託人/信託機構
Ficiary ty 受信責任；誠信義務
Financial Advisor 財務顧問；融資顧問
Financial Business Operation Permit 經營金融業務許可證
Financial forecast 財務預測
Financial Management 財務管理
Financial Markets, Financial Procts 金融市場；金融產品
Financial Services 金融服務
Fixed asset losses in suspense 待處理固定資產損失
Fixed income 固定收益；定息債券
Floating Rate Note 浮息票據
Floor 下限
Floor broker 出市經紀
Follow-on offering 後續發行
FOMC 聯邦公開市場委員會
Foreign-funded enterprise 外商投資企業
Foreign Exchange 外匯
Foreign Exchange Business Operation Permit 經營外匯業務許可證
Foreign Exchange Certificate 外匯券
Foreign exchange mortgage loan 外匯抵押貸款
Foreign exchange swap center 外匯調劑中心
Formulae Based Amortization 按公式計算的攤還方法
Forward Rate Agreement 遠期利率協議
FRA 遠期利率協議
Franchiser 項目招商人
Franchisor 特許專營受權公司
Frankfurt Stock Exchange 法蘭克福證券交易所
Free float 公眾持股量
[股市] 指由機構投資者及公眾投資者所持有的股份總數占公司已發行股票總數的百分比
FRN 浮息票據
FTSE Index 倫敦金融時報指數 (又稱富時指數)
Fund Management 基金管理
Futures 期貨
FX 外匯
G&A 一般費用及行政費用
G7 七大工業國
GAAP 一般公認會計原則
Gateway 網關/國際關口局
GATT 關稅及貿易從協定
GDP 國內生產總值
GDR 全球預托收據；全球存股證
Gearing ratio 運用倍數
General Acceptable Accounting Principle 一般公認會計原則
General Agreement on Tariffs
& Trade 關稅及貿易從協定
General & Administrative Expenses 一般費用及行政費用
General management 一般管理；綜合管理
Global bearer warrant 全球不記名認股權證
Global coordinator 全球協調人
Global Depository Receipt 全球預托證券；全球存股證
Global finance 全球金融；全球財務
Global financial firm/institution 全球金融公司/機構；世界性金融公司/機構
Global offering 全球發行
GNP 國民生產總值
Going public 上市；公開上市
Goodwill amortization 商譽價值攤銷
Government Concessionary
& Soft Loan 政府特許及軟性貸款
Greenshoe 綠鞋；超額配售選擇權
[股市] 超額配售是所有股票發行的一個重要元素，特別是對採用Bookbuilding銷售方法的發行而言。包銷發行成功主要歸功於能爭取到高於發行量的投資者需求。在這情況下，未能滿足的需求會向後市尋求買入，從而有助實現強勁的價格表現和提高發行在二級市場的流動性。為了讓包銷商能超額配售然後具有靈活度可從市場買回股份以有助穩定後市的交易價，發行人授予包銷商greenshoe，一般相當於發行量的15%，讓包銷商有選擇權可於定價日後30天 (穩定期) 內以發行價向發行人買入額外股份。額外股份只能用於配售給未獲滿足的超出發行量的投資者訂單。超額配售選擇權通常是股價在二級市場上升才被行使，不然的話，一般會通過從二級市場買回股票以填補超額銷售的數量。
Gross domestic proct 國內生產總值
Gross national proct 國民生產總值
Gross profit 毛利潤
Gross spread 總差額
[股市]也稱為總傭金或總費用。發行總差額包含三個部份：承銷費、經辦費和銷售特許傭金。
Group of Seven 七大工業國
Gun jumping 偷步
Hang Seng China Enterprise Index 恆生中國企業指數 (香港)
Hang Seng Index 恆生指數 (香港)
Hedge Fund 對沖基金；套保基金
Hedging 對沖; 套保
HIBOR 香港銀行同業拆借利率
HKFE 香港期貨交易所有限公司
HKMA 香港金融管理局(金管局)
HKSAR 香港特別行政區
HKSCC 香港中央結算有限公司
HKSE 香港證券交易所
Holding Company 控股公司
Homepage 首頁（互聯網）
Hong Kong Futures Exchange Ltd. 香港期貨交易所有限公司
Hong Kong Interbank Offer Rate 香港銀行同業拆放利率
Hong Kong Monetary Authority 香港金融管理局(金管局)
Hong Kong Securities Clearing Co. Ltd. 香港中央結算有限公司
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 香港特別行政區
Hong Kong Stock Exchange 香港證券交易所
HSCEI 恆生中國企業指數 (香港)
HSI 恆生指數(恆指) (香港)
Hybrid cap 混合上限
IAS 國際會計准則
ICP 互聯網內容供貨商
Idle funds 閑置資金
IMF 國際貨幣基金
IMM 國際貨幣市場
Implicit deflator 隱性通貨緊縮指數
Import quota 進口配額
Import tariff 進口關稅
In-the-money 價內（期權）
Incentive site 魚餌網點（互聯網）
Income tax 所得稅；入息稅；薪俸稅
Indemnification 賠償
Indexed performance 指數表現
Indicative price 指示性價格
Instrail and Commercial Consolidated Tax 工商統一稅
Information memoranm 資料備忘錄
Information technology 信息科技
Initial Conversion Premium 初次轉換溢價
Initial Public Offering 首次公開招股發行
Insider trading 內幕交易
Institutional investor 機構投資者
Intangible asset 無形資產
Intellectual property (IP) 知識產權
Interest Rate Swap 利率掉期
Intergovernmental loan 政府間貸款
Interim report 中期報告
Intermediary 中介機構; 中介人
International Accounting Standards 國際會計准則
International Finance 國際融資
International Market 國際市場
International Monetary Fund 國際貨幣基金
International Monetary Market 國際貨幣市場
International Organization for Standardization 國際標准化組織
International Trust & Investment Corp. 國際信託投資公司(國投公司)
Internet Content Provider 互聯網內容供貨商
Internet presence 網上廣告
Intrinsic value 內在價值
Inventory 存貨；庫存
Investment, Investing 投資
Investment advice, Investment advisor 投資咨詢；投資顧問
Investment bank, Investment banking 投資銀行；投資銀行服務
Investment grade 投資級
Investment research 投資研究
Investor Relations 投資者關系
IPO 初次公開發行；首次公開招股
Investor Relations 投資者關系
Irrevocable letter of credit 不可撤消信用狀
ISO 國際標准化組織
Issued (and outstanding) shares 已發行股票
Issuer 發行人
IT 信息科技
ITIC 國際信託投資公司(國投公司)
Joint account 聯名帳戶；共同帳戶
Joint and several liabilities 共同及連帶責任
Joint global coordinator 聯席全球協調人
Joint stock company 股份有限公司
Joint venture 合營企業；合資企業
Jointly operated mines 聯辦礦
Junior mortgage 次級按揭
Junk bond 垃圾債券
Korea Composite Index 韓國綜合指數
Korea Stock Exchange 韓國證券交易所
Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange 吉隆坡證券交易所
L/C 信用狀
LBO 杠桿買斷交易；借貸融資收購
Lead manager 主承銷；牽頭經辦人
Legal persons shares 法人股
Lender 貸款人
Letter of credit 信用狀
Leverage = level of debt/equity 債務水平/比重
Leveraged Buy Out 杠桿買斷交易；借貸融資收購
Leveraged rate 杠桿比率
LIBOR 倫敦銀行同業拆借利率
Lien 扣押；扣押權；留置權
LIFFE 倫敦國際金融期貨及期權交易所
Limited recourse 有限追索權
Limited partnership 有限責任合夥
Linked Exchange Rate System 聯系匯率制度
Liquid investment 短期投資
Liquid Yield Option Note 流動收息權利票據
Liquidity 流動性；流動資金；變現能力
Liquidity ratio 速動比率
Listed company 上市公司
Litigation 訴訟
Local toll collecting highway infrastructure index 地方收費公路基楚設施指數
Lock-in 自然出現（條件）
Lock-out 自然消失（條件）
Lock-up 鎖定；封鎖
[股市]由發行公司或第三者供應方(如適用)作出承諾，在事先未取得承銷商(包銷商) 的同意前，不得進一步出售股份。封鎖期一般是180天，但也可視乎情況而較長。
Lock-Up Agreement 鎖定協議
London Commodity Exchange 倫敦商品交易所
London Interbank Offer Rate 倫敦銀行同業拆放利率
London International Financial Futures and Options Exchange 倫敦國際金融期貨及期權交易所
London Metal Exchange 倫敦金屬交易所
London Stock Exchange 倫敦證券交易所
London Traded Options Market 倫敦期權市場
Long (position) 長倉；好倉；看漲
Long call 買入認購權；認購長倉
Long forward 買遠期
Long put 買入認沽權；認購短倉
Long-term shareholding (loyalty) incentive 長期持股優惠
Long-term supply agreement 長期供應協議
Loose bond 短期買賣債券
Low-Budget Operation 小本經營
Loyalties 特許費
LSE 倫敦證券交易所
LTOM 倫敦期權市場
LYON 流動收息權利票據
M&A 合並與收購
Macroeconomic 宏觀經濟；總體經濟
Madrid Stock Exchange 馬德里證券交易所
Makati Stock Exchange 馬卡地證券交易所
Make-Whole Call 以支付溢價為成本的提前還款權利
Make-Whole Provision >提前贖回補償
Management Best Practice 管理最佳做法
Management Buy-Out, MBO 管理層買斷交易；管理層收購
Management fee 經辦費
[股市]經辦費是支付給銀行作為它們處理為准備和執行一筆發行所涉及的工作的報酬，包括設計發行結、組織承銷團、准備文件和促銷材料等。經辦費的基本拆帳方法是按所承擔的包銷數量計算，認同了有較大包銷承擔的個別機構一般也承擔較多的工作量。此外，設有支付予發行高級參與方的稱之「praecipium」 的額外酬金。
Management Seminar, Management Tools 管理人員研討會；管理工具
Manila Stock Exchange 馬尼拉證券交易所
Marche a Terme International
de France 法國國際期貨及期權市場
Marche des Options Negociables
de la Bourse de Paris 巴黎證券交易所期貨市場
Margin [期貨交易] 保證金；按金
Margin call 要求增補按金
Mark-to-market 按市值計價
Market Capitalization 市場資本值；市值
Market maker 報價商；市場莊家
Market order 市價委託
Market share 市場佔有率；市場份額
Marketable securities 有價證券
Marketing 促銷；推介；營銷
[股市] 首次公開招股(IPO) 的促銷期包括有公司管理層參與向投資者宣傳其投資故事的公司路演、和帳簿管理人向投資者收集訂單的Bookbuilding銷售活動。期內，經辦銀行和投資者雙方間的銷售和研究人員會定期進行對話。緊接發行前促銷活動，促銷期經過Bookbuilding程序和發行定價的完成而結束。
Material misstatement 重大失實陳述
MATIF 法國國際期貨及期權市場
Mature market 成熟市場
Maturity 到期
[債市] 指債券或其它債務工具已到期並須支付總本金金額的日期
Medium and long term loans 中長期貸款
Medium Term Note 中期票據
Memoranm Of Understand
Ⅳ 債券相關的英語詞彙，關於股票的英語單詞有哪些
bond, debenture, debts債券
negotiable share可流通股份
convertible bond可轉換債券
treasury/government bond國庫券/政府債券
corporate bond企業債券
closed-end securities investment fund 封閉式證券投資基金
open-end securities investment fund 開放式證券投資基金
fund manager基金經理/管理公司
fund custodian bank 基金託管銀行
market capitalization 市值
p/e ratio 市盈率(price/earning)
mark-to-market逐日盯市
payment versus delivery 銀券交付
clearing and settlement 清算/結算
commodity/financial derivatives 商品/金融衍生產品
put / call option 看跌/看漲期權
margins, collateral 保證金
rights issue/offering 配股
bonus share 紅股
dividend紅利/股息
ADR美國存托憑證/存股證(American Depository Receipt)
GDR全球存托憑證/存股證(Global Depository Receipt)
retail/private investor 個人投資者/散戶
institutional investor機構投資者
broker/dealer 券商
proprietary trading 自營
insider trading/dealing 內幕交易
market manipulation 市場操縱
prospectus招股說明書
IPO 新股/初始公開發行(Initial Public Offering)
merger and acquisition收購兼並
All Ordinaries Index （澳大利亞）股市指數
Amex(American Stock Exchange) 美國股票交易所
amortize 攤提，分期償還債務
annuity 年金享受權
asking price 賣主的開叫價
assess 對（財產等）進行估價，確定（款項）的金額
back 拖欠的
bad loan 呆賬，壞賬
lout 幫助……擺脫困境
balloon （分期付款中）最後數目特大的一筆
barometer 晴雨表，[喻]標記，指標
basis point 基點（一個百分點的百分之一）
bear markets 熊市
blue-chip （股票等）熱門的，（在同行中）最賺錢的
forex foreign exchange
bond 債券，公債
bourse 交易所，證券交易所
bull markets 牛市
bullish 牛市的
bunji-change 快速的大幅度變化
CAC-40 Index （法國）股市指數
CD(certificate-of-deposit) 大額存款單
Chicago Mercantile Exchange 芝加哥商業交易所
Consumer Price Index 消費者價格指數
contagion 蔓延
correction 調整
coupon rate 券根利率
CTA(Commodities Trading Advisor) 農礦產品交易顧問
Currency board 貨幣委員會
DAX index （法蘭克福）德國股市指數
dead loan 死帳
delist 從上市證券表中除名
derivatives 衍生金融商品（由利率或債券、外匯或匯率以及股票或股價指數等現貨市場衍生出來，主要有期貨futures、期權option trading與掉期swap三種類型，品種多達100餘種，股票與證券行業英語詞彙。）
discount 貼現
discount rate 貼現率
DJIA Dow-Jones Instrial Average 道•瓊斯公用事業股價平均數，英語詞彙《股票與證券行業英語詞彙》(http://m.unjs.com)。通常簡稱Dow（道），是30個主要工業公司股票價格的組合。
Dow-Jones Composite Average of 65 representative stocks 65種有代表性的股票的道•瓊斯公用事業股價平均數
Dow-Jones Transpositions Average 道•瓊斯運輸業股價平均數
Dow-Jones Utilities Average 道•瓊斯公用事業股價平均數
down 付現款
equity （押款金額以外的）財產價值，證券，股票
escrow 由第三者保存、等條件完成後即交受讓人的契據（或證書等）
face value 面值
Federal Agency Issues 聯邦機構債券
fluctuation 起伏
fluctuate 起伏
fraud 欺騙，欺詐
fraulence 欺騙（欺詐）行為
fraulent 欺詐的
FTSI Financial Times 100 Share Index （英國）金融時報100種股票指數
good 有效的
Hang Seng Index （香港）恆生指數
holdings 佔有的財產，股票
Ibbotson Small Company Index Ibbotson Company Index中包括近2700家公司：即在紐約股市上交易的最後的20%股票
imburse 賠償
initial share 原始股
IRA Indivial Retirement Account 個人退休賬號
junk bond 假債券
junk bonds 垃圾債券
lien 扣押權，留置權
liquidate 清算，破產
list （交易所）上市證券；把（證券）列人上市證券表
long position 多頭
margin 差額，保險金
mutual fund 公共基金
NASD=National Association of Securities Dealers 全美證券交易者協會
NASDAQ (National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) 納斯達克（全美證券交易者協會自動化摘要）
NAV (Net Asset Value) 凈資產值
new issue ( IPOInitial Public Offering)新上市股票
Nikkei Stock Aver age 日經股票平均指數
nosedive （價格等）暴跌
NYSE』Volume 紐約股票交易量
NYSE』s composite index 紐約股票交易綜合指數
NYSE(New York Stock Exchange) 紐約股票交易所(也稱或Big Board)
obligation 契約，債券
outstanding 拖欠的
par value 票面價值
plummet 驟然跌落
policy 保險單
pool 集合基金
portfolio 有價證券
preferred stock 優先股票
premium 獎金，傭金，擔保費
premium 溢價
proceeds 收入，收益
rally （股票價格等）止跌，上揚
rebound 反彈
recoup 償還，補償
recovery 恢復
red-chip share 紅籌股
refund 償還
rescue package 一攬子救援計劃
resilience 回彈，復原力
resilient 有回彈力的，恢復活力的
risk 保險項目
run 擠提存款,擠兌,爭購
Russell 2000 Russell 2000種小資本股票
S&P 500(Standard & Poor』s 500 Composite Stock Price Index) 標准普爾股價指數
SEC(Federal Securities and Exchange Commission) 聯邦證券與交易委員會
securities 證券，債券
shares （英）股票=（美）stock
shore up 支撐
slash （大幅度）削減（工資等）
slump 暴跌，不景氣
SMI index （蘇黎士市）瑞士股票指數
solvent 有償還能力的
speculate 投機
speculation 投機
speculator 投機者
T-Bill (Treasury Bill) 美國短期國債（每星期發行一次）
T-bond (Treasury Bond) 美國長期國債（期限為20年或30年）
T-note (Treasury Note) 美國中期國債（期限為2年到10年）
Technology-heavy Nasdaq 以技術為主的Nasdaq
Technology-laden Nasdaq 以技術為主的Nasdaq
term 年限
tech-heavy NASDAQ 以技術股票為主的NASDAQ
technology-rich stocks 技術股票
technology-weighted index (NASDAQ) 反映技術股票的指數(NASDAQ)
希望能幫助到你，望採納！！！
Ⅵ 求一篇有關股票市場的文章或者新聞，最好是英語的，謝謝
您好
您可以看看這些文章都是原創的希望可以幫助您。希望您採納。下面是我朋友的原創的網路經驗一共十六期，您的所有問題都在裡面了。
http://jingyan..com/article/066074d67e1651c3c21cb0cd.html
http://jingyan..com/magazine/4329
http://jingyan..com/magazine/5582
Ⅶ 急求！一篇關於股票價值投資或投資風險方面的外文文獻翻譯！要中英文對照的，中文3000字以上外文10000字元
追加多少？
Ⅷ 關於利率和債券的問題,需英文解答,謝謝
The inter-bank market - where banks bor-row from or lend
to each other- is flushed with money at the moment, e to a
flood of for-eign funds and the continued fall in interest
rates.
This means that banks here have more mo-ney than they need
and are motivated to lend out such "idle money". Hence, the
low housing loan rates, for example. This contrasts with the
situation at the height of the Asian economic crisis when
there was a liquidity crunch, and interbank rates, which are
the rates at which banks borrow from or lend to each other,
hit as high as 12%.
Also, interest rates have fallen significantly over the
last few months, a phenomenon that would stimulate economic
growth as lower borrowing costs and savings rates will
en-courage businesses to invest and households to consume.
In such a low interest-rate environment, it may still be
good for investors to consider in-vesting some money in
bonds because they will be able to achieve a higher return
than cash deposits.
For example, in Singapore, current short-term fixed
deposit rates are now about 1%, compared with 3% for a
5-year Singapore government bond and 3.6% for a 5-year HDB
bond.
In other words, relative to short-term de-posit rates, one
can pick up 2% more by hold-ing the bond for 5 years.
Interest rates aside, the retail investor should pay heed
to a more fundamental principle a-bout investing in bonds:
it does not matter whether interest rates are high or
low-bonds play an essential part in a person's investment
portfolio.
Investors may find this statement hard to swallow, given
the current stock market rally.
No doubt, the Singapore stockmarket has risen by about 55%
over the last six months and is the best performing asset
class now; yet, it is important to note that the stockmarket
had also fallen substantially by about 37% in the first 9
months of 1998 alone.
Therefore, investors should be mindful of the volatility
of the stockmarket.
Bonds, measured by the UOB Government Bond Index, are less
volatile although the probability of earning higher returns
than equities is lower.
Cash deposits, measured by the three-month Singapore
Inter-Bank Offer Rate, are the least volatile but this is
offset by the fact that returns are the lowest.
In a nutshell, an investor should consider investing in
bonds as an alternative asset class for the purpose of
diversification and in consi-deration of his overall
investment objectives.
These objectives include whether there is a greater need
for capital gains or regular in-come. Other considerations
such as liquidity needs and time horizon also determine an
in-vestor's appetite to assume risks and, accord-ingly, his
choice of asset class to invest in.
As a bond pays a regular coupon, or interest rate, it may
be suitable for investors, for exam-ple, retirees, who
require a regular income over a specific time horizon.
The higher need for certainty of income would mean a lower
tolerance for volatility. Although cash deposits may earn
interest, however, e to their shorter tenors, or
time-frames, an investor may face the risk of roll-ing
over, or reinvesting his money, at lower interest rates when
the deposit matures.
For example, in early 1998, when inter-bank rates were as
high as 12%, investors who locked in their funds at high
deposit rates of about 6% for a year would have had to roll
o-ver at much lower interest rates 12 months la-ter when
their deposits matured and rates had fallen to about 1%.
Secondly, if an investor has excess cash which he intends
to use at a later date, it may be advisable to invest his
excess cash in less volatile instruments to preserve his
savings as well as enhance his returns.
Therefore, bonds, like stocks or any other asset class,
can fulfil certain investment ob-jectives.
How does one invest in the bond market?
Currently, retail investors can buy Singapore government
bonds over the banking counter. The minimum investment for
government bonds is S$1,000 and treasury bills is S$10,0000.
Investors can buy and sell on a daily basis. The cost of
transaction is usually the differ-ence between the purchase
price and sale price of the bond, and may vary from bank to
bank.
They can also buy bonds as and when new issues are
launched. For example, HDB and JTC bonds were offered to the
retail market ring their primary launches.
Alternatively, investors can consider invest-ing in fixed
income unit trusts. The benefits of unit trusts are that
investors are able to invest in smaller denominations with
typical invest-ments of S$1,000.
在外國資金流入和利率持續下跌的帶動下，目前銀行間彼此借貸
的銀行同業市場資金充斥。
這意味著，這里的銀行擁有的資金比它們所需要的多，所以樂意
把這些「閑錢」借出去。例如說，把房屋貸款利率調低。比起亞洲危
機最緊張的時期，情況剛好相反，當時的資金緊縮、銀行間彼此借貸
的同業拆息率高達12%。
此外，利率在去幾個月里明顯下跌，這是一個可刺激經濟增長的
徵兆，因為較低的貸款成本和儲蓄利率將鼓勵商家投資和家庭消費。
在這樣的低利率環境下，投資者可以考慮把一些資金投資在債券
，因為他將能取得比現金存款高的回報。
例如，在新加坡，目前的短期定期存款利率大約是1%，而5年期
政府債券是3%，5年期建屋發展局債券是3.6%。
換句話說，與短期存款利率比較，持有5年期債券可得到的回報
相對多了2%。
除了利率之外，散戶投資者也應該注意投資債券的基本原則：不
論利率是高還是低，債券在一個人的投資組合中扮演重要的角色。
目前的股票市場牛勁十足，投資者可能覺得這種說法難以消化。
毫無疑問的，新加坡股票市場已經在過去六個月里漲了大約55%
，是表現最優異的資產等級；但是，值得留意的是，單單在1998年的
首9個月，股票市場也曾經顯著下跌了大約37%。
因此，投資者應小心股票市場波動。
以大華銀行政府債券指數衡量的債券，雖然賺取比股票高的回報
的可能性低，但是波動比較沒有那麼大。
以3個月銀行同業拆息率衡量的現金存款，它的波動最低，但是
它的回報也是最低的。
總的來說，投資者應該考慮把債券投資當作另一個資產等級的選
擇，以達到多元化投資和整體投資目的。
這些目的包括是否要取得資本回報或是定期的收入。其他的考慮
還有變現的需要，而投資期也決定投資者承擔風險的胃口，因此影響
他選擇投資的資產等級。
債券定期支付利息，可能比較適合那些在固定時期內需要有定期
收入的投資者，如退休人士。
越需要有穩定的收入的人，對波動的容忍能力越低。雖然現金存
款能帶來利息，但是它的投資期限較短，投資者面對的風險是，如果
存款到期時的利率比較低，得把資金再作投資。
例如說在1998年初，當銀行同業拆息率高達12%時，以大約6%的
存款利率把資金鎖定一年，存款期於12個月後到期時，利率已經跌到
約1%，投資者得以顯著較低的利率更新存款。
第二，如投資者有多餘的現金並希望在日後使用，可能比較適合
把這些多餘的現金投資在波動沒有那麼厲害的工具，以保住他的儲蓄
，以及加強他的投資回報。
散戶投資者現可通過銀行櫃台購買新加坡政府債券。政府債券的
最低投資額是1000元，而國庫券的最低投資額是1萬元。
投資者可每天買賣。交易成本通常是債券的買價和賣價之間的差
距，每家銀行不一樣。
他們也可以在有新債券發行時購買。例如，建屋發展局和裕廊鎮
管理局的債券初次發行時，都在散戶市場出售。
又或者，投資者可以考慮投資固定收入單位信託。單位信託的好
處是，投資者可作較小數額的投資，典型投資額是1000元。
Ⅸ 債券型基金英語文獻(急)
以國債、金融債等固定收益類金融工具為主要投資對象的基金稱為債券型基金，因為其投資的產品收益比較穩定，又被稱為「固定受益基金」。根據投資股票的比例不同，債券型基金又可分為純債券型基金與偏債劵型基金。兩者的區別在於，純債型基金不投資股票，而偏債型基金可以投資少量的股票。偏債型基金的優點在於可以根據股票市場走勢靈活地進行資產配置，在控制風險的條件下分享股票市場帶來的機會。
一般來說，債券型基金不收取認購或申購的費用，贖回費率也較低。
債券基金有以下特點：
（一）低風險，低收益。由於債券型基金的投資對象——債券收益穩定、風險也較小，所以，債券型基金風險較小，但是同時由於債券是固定收益產品，因此相對於股票基金，債券基金風險低但回報率也不高。
（二）費用較低。由於債券投資管理不如股票投資管理復雜，因此債券基金的管理費也相對較低，目前我國債券型基金的
（三）收益穩定。投資於債券定期都有利息回報，到期還承諾還本付息，因此債券基金的收益較為穩定。
（四）注重當期收益。債券基金主要追求當期較為固定的收入，相對於股票基金而言缺乏增值的潛力，較適合於不願過多冒險，謀求當期穩定收益的投資者。
To treasury bonds, financial bonds and other fixed-income instruments such as the main investment fund known as bond funds, investment procts because of their relatively stable earnings, also known as the "fixed benefit fund." According to the proportion of different stock investments, bond funds can be divided into pure bond funds and partial Bonds Fund. The difference between the two, not pure debt funds in the stock market, and partial debt funds can invest in a small number of stocks. Partial debt funds in accordance with the advantage of the stock market movements can be flexibility to asset allocation, risk control conditions to share the opportunities offered by the stock market.
In general, bond funds do not charge subscription or purchase, the cost of the redemption rates are lower.
Bond Fund has the following characteristics:
(A) low-risk, low income. As bond funds, the investment target - bond yields stable, the risks are also smaller, therefore, less risky bond funds, but because the bonds are fixed-income procts, relative to equity funds, bond funds low-risk but not the rate of return high.
(2) lower cost. As bond investment management managing complex than equity investments, bond fund management fees are relatively low, our country's bond funds
(C) income stability. Invest in regular bonds have interest returns, e also committed to debt service, and therefore the bond proceeds fund more stable.
(D) focus on current income. ABF mainly seeking more current fixed income, compared to equity funds in terms of the lack of value-added potential, in not too much more suitable for adventure, the current stability of income for investors.
Ⅹ 有篇關於股市方面的英語文章翻譯！（不要是網上和有道那裡的翻譯，請英語高手幫忙）
令人緊張的牛市，令人沮喪的熊市（不對么？我覺得就這意思啊）
對於股市投資者來說，行情看漲的時候令人恐懼，幾乎不可能下跌，讓悲觀的預言家預測落空。
股市忽漲忽跌的不穩定性，使投資者面臨兩個傷腦筋的選擇：或者繼續向股市注入資金，這樣就要冒另一次反轉的風險，或者抽出資金，這么做的風險是，把未來可能的收益全部扔到了桌子上。（這里應該是個隱喻，意思是放棄了未來可能的收益。）
「我們正在那些中等規模的公司中尋找收益，那些市值在100億美元或類似的公司。」Yee說，「比如，在固定資產部分，我們看到有很多公司的交易值是他們年收益的12到13倍，總體上相對於股市來說就是25倍。」
就像大股票優於小股票，股票的「增長率」要優於它們的「價值」。而有些方面的股票，也就是說科技股，似乎一直在狂熱地上漲。
但像1998年的三季度充分證明了，即使是一個上漲年，也會伴隨著波動。所以現在不要把你對投資組合的控制變成自動控制。